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SEKILAS- TENTANG-RAT SNAKE-ULAR TIKUS-ular-Elaphe carinata-Taiwan Stink Snake
Elaphe
carinata
From
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The King Ratsnake (also known as Taiwan Stink Snake), Elaphe
carinata is a species of Colubrid snake found in Southeast
Asia and East
Asia.
Description
Elaphe carinata is a large snake with total length up to 240 cm (94 in). The other common names "stink snake" or "stinking goddess" refer to this species' highly developed post-anal glands which, when the snake is picked up, are frequently emptied, with a very strong, bad odour.[1]Elaphe carinata is an active, predatory snake that eats everything from beetles to birds to snakes, with particular preference for the latter.[1]
The common name of "King ratsnake" refers to its habit of eating other snakes, including venomous species such as the Chinese cobra and the sharp-nosed viper. It suffocates its prey by constriction, similar to the hunting technique of boas and pythons. It also preys on rodents and other small animals.
There is some concern among herpetoculturists that the King Ratsnake may actually be more closely related to the kingsnakes of the genus lampropeltis than to its current taxonomic family of the ratsnakes (elaphe). This is due in part to the dietary habits of the King Ratsnake, in particular its preference for ectothermic prey such as snakes and lizards, and to the physical structure of the head, which is far less distinct than that of most rat snakes and closely resembles the elongated head and indistinct neck structure of the kingsnakes.
Distribution: China, North Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan (Ryukyu Islands).[2]
Use
Elaphe carinata is one of major species in snake trade in China, particularly in skin trade but also of live animals.[3] In Taiwan, it is the most commonly available snake in restaurants.[1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaphe_carinata
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Elaphe carinata (GÜNTHER,
1864)
Subspecies
Elaphe carinata carinata GÜNTHER 1864
Elaphe carinata yonaguniensis TAKARA 1962
Elaphe carinata yonaguniensis TAKARA 1962
Common Names
E: Taiwan Stink Snake
G: Gekielte Kletternatter
G: Gekielte Kletternatter
Synonym
Phyllophis carinata GÜNTHER 1864: 298
Phyllophis carinata — GÜNTHER 1888: 170
Elaphe carinata — STEJNEGER 1898
Coluber phyllophis BOULENGER 1891: 280
Coluber phyllophis BOULENGER 1894: 55
Coluber (Elaphis) phyllophis — MÜLLER 1895: 203
Spaniopholis Souliei MOCQUARD 1897
Spaniopholis kreyenbergi MÜLLER 1907
Elaphe carinata — STEJNEGER 1907: 308
Elaphe osborni SCHMIDT 1925
Coluber camillo-schneideri VOGT 1927
Elaphe carinata souliei — MELL 1931 [1929]
Elaphe kreyenbergi kreyenbergi — MELL 1931 [1929]
Elaphe kreyenbergi osborni — MELL 1931 [1929]
Elaphe carinata — SMITH 1943
Elaphe carinata deqinensis YANG & SU 1983
Elaphe carinata deqenensis YANG & SU 1984
Elaphe carinata — SCHULZ 1996
Elaphe carinata — UTIGER et al. 2002
Phyllophis carinata — GÜNTHER 1888: 170
Elaphe carinata — STEJNEGER 1898
Coluber phyllophis BOULENGER 1891: 280
Coluber phyllophis BOULENGER 1894: 55
Coluber (Elaphis) phyllophis — MÜLLER 1895: 203
Spaniopholis Souliei MOCQUARD 1897
Spaniopholis kreyenbergi MÜLLER 1907
Elaphe carinata — STEJNEGER 1907: 308
Elaphe osborni SCHMIDT 1925
Coluber camillo-schneideri VOGT 1927
Elaphe carinata souliei — MELL 1931 [1929]
Elaphe kreyenbergi kreyenbergi — MELL 1931 [1929]
Elaphe kreyenbergi osborni — MELL 1931 [1929]
Elaphe carinata — SMITH 1943
Elaphe carinata deqinensis YANG & SU 1983
Elaphe carinata deqenensis YANG & SU 1984
Elaphe carinata — SCHULZ 1996
Elaphe carinata — UTIGER et al. 2002
Distribution
N Vietnam (Hong River),
Taiwan (incl. Lanyu),
China (northward to Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu; Guangdong, Fuktien, Jiangxi, Chekiang, Kiangsu, Anhwei, Hupeh, Sichuan, Yunnan; south to Huang He River),
Japan (Ryukyu islands incl. Senkaku group)
Type locality: China (Günther, 1864); restricted to Lu Shan, south of Jiujiang (= Kiu Kiang), on Lake Poyang, Jiangxi, China, by Schulz, 1992.
Taiwan (incl. Lanyu),
China (northward to Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu; Guangdong, Fuktien, Jiangxi, Chekiang, Kiangsu, Anhwei, Hupeh, Sichuan, Yunnan; south to Huang He River),
Japan (Ryukyu islands incl. Senkaku group)
Type locality: China (Günther, 1864); restricted to Lu Shan, south of Jiujiang (= Kiu Kiang), on Lake Poyang, Jiangxi, China, by Schulz, 1992.
Comment
The original
description is available online (see link below). This species shows a marked
ontological shift from striped to banded (see Guo et al. 2012 for photos).
Subspecies: Elaphe carinata deqenensis YANG & SU 1984 has been synonymized with E. c. carinata by Guo et al. 2012.
E. c. yonaguniensis is classified as “vulnerable” in Japan (Ota 2000).
Size: up to 2000 mm in total length
Subspecies: Elaphe carinata deqenensis YANG & SU 1984 has been synonymized with E. c. carinata by Guo et al. 2012.
E. c. yonaguniensis is classified as “vulnerable” in Japan (Ota 2000).
Size: up to 2000 mm in total length
..................................
Scientific
Name:
Elaphe
carinata (Günther, 1864)
Common
Names:
King
Ratsnake, Stinking Goddess, Keeled Ratsnake
Subspecies:
Elaphe
carinata carinata (Günther, 1864)
Elaphe carinata dequenensis (Yang & Su, 1984)
Elaphe carinata yonaguniensis (Takara, 1962)
Elaphe carinata dequenensis (Yang & Su, 1984)
Elaphe carinata yonaguniensis (Takara, 1962)
Size:
150 to 170
cm (up to 240 cm)
Distribution:
China, North
Vietnam, Taiwan
Other Info:
Elaphe
carinata is a large heavy built snake, ranging in size from 4-6ft, (100-200cm),
with some specimens becoming larger, so provide with a spacious terraium with a
loose substrate as they like to dig. Being mostly terrestrial they are known to
inhabit open forest areas, bamboo thickets, fields and meadows and have also
been collected near houses. Specimens have been collected during the day as
well as at night.
E. carinata are very easy to keep and breed. They will eat almost anything including rodents, birds and bird eggs, and other snakes. They have even been known to eat their own kind, so be careful not to house larger animals with younger ones.
E. carinata are very easy to keep and breed. They will eat almost anything including rodents, birds and bird eggs, and other snakes. They have even been known to eat their own kind, so be careful not to house larger animals with younger ones.
Mating
usually takes place in the spring with 6-12 eggs being laid in early-mid summer,
taking 40-60 days for incubation. Hibernate for 2-4 months for best results.
The common name "stink snake" or "stinking Goddess" refers to this species' highly developed post-anal glands, that when picked up are frequently emptied, with a very strong, bad odor.
The common name of "King ratsnake" refers to its habit of eating other snakes.
There are three recognized subspecies, E. c. carinata found throughout most of China and northern Vietnam. E. c. yonaguniensis, found on the island of Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.
E. c. deqenensis, known from only a few specimens, are found only in Northwest Yunnan province, China.
The common name "stink snake" or "stinking Goddess" refers to this species' highly developed post-anal glands, that when picked up are frequently emptied, with a very strong, bad odor.
The common name of "King ratsnake" refers to its habit of eating other snakes.
There are three recognized subspecies, E. c. carinata found throughout most of China and northern Vietnam. E. c. yonaguniensis, found on the island of Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.
E. c. deqenensis, known from only a few specimens, are found only in Northwest Yunnan province, China.
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