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SEKILAS-TENTANG-ULAR TIKUS-RAT SNAKE-ular-Elaphe bimaculata-twin spotted rat snake-chinese cornsnake
Elaphe
bimaculata
From
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Elaphe bimaculata, the Twin-spotted Ratsnake or Chinese
Cornsnake, is a small ratsnake (60–80 cm) found in China. It occurs as
both blotched and striped phase, with the blotched type being the more common or
"typical" phase. Some specimens even exhibit a pattern of half
blotched, half striped where the anterior half is usually blotched and the
posterior half striped. They are found in many habitats ranging
from the edge of forest to cultivated areas and seem to like cooler temperatures
and higher humidity.
This secretive snake prefers smaller food items such as young to half grown mice. E.
bimaculata has been known to breed at different times of the year, usually
with 3-10 eggs being laid in late spring; eggs require 35–48 days of
incubation. A period of 2–3 months hibernation
is typical. Females are known to grow larger and heavier than males.
............................................
Elaphe bimaculata SCHMIDT,
1925
Common Names
E: Chinese Leopard Snake
G: Chinesische Leopardnatter od. Zweifleckennatter
G: Chinesische Leopardnatter od. Zweifleckennatter
Synonym
Elaphe bimaculata SCHMIDT 1925
Elaphe dimaculata — MELL 1931 [1929] (in error)
Elaphe bimaculata — SCHULZ 1996
Elaphe bimaculata — UTIGER et al. 2002
Elaphe bimaculata — MATTISON 2007: 184
Elaphe dimaculata — MELL 1931 [1929] (in error)
Elaphe bimaculata — SCHULZ 1996
Elaphe bimaculata — UTIGER et al. 2002
Elaphe bimaculata — MATTISON 2007: 184
Distribution
C China (from E Sichuan to Jiangsu, north to Hebei;
Chekiang, Anhwei, Jiangxi), Inner Mongolia
Type locality: China: Ningkwo, Anhwei (= Anhui) Province (Schmidt, 1925)
Type locality: China: Ningkwo, Anhwei (= Anhui) Province (Schmidt, 1925)
Comment
Can be confused with Elaphe dione and the latter is
occasionally sold as E. bimaculata in the pet trade. E. bimaculata has a V- or
U-shaped pattern on its head while E. dione has a W-shaped pattern.
.........................................
Twin-Spotted
Ratsnake (Elaphe bimaculata)
Scientific
Name:
Elaphe
bimaculata (Schmidt, 1925)
Common
Names:
Twin-Spotted
Ratsnake, Chinese Cornsnake
Size:
60 to 80 cm
Distribution:
China:
provinces of Anhui, Hubei, Jiangu, Jiangxi and Zhejiang
Other Info:
Elaphe
bimaculata is a small ratsnake that occurs as both blotched and striped phase,
with the blotched type being the more common or "typical" phase. Some
specimens even exhibit a pattern of half blotched, half striped where the
anterior half is usually blotched and the posterior half striped. E. bimaculata
is a very attractive and easy to keep species that doesn't require a lot of
space.
They are found in many habitats ranging from the edge of forest to cultivated areas and seem to like cooler temperatures and higher humidity. A secretive snake that prefers smaller food items such as young to half grown mice.
E. bimaculata have been known to breed at different times of the year, usually with 3-10 eggs being laid in late spring. these requiring 35-48 days of incubation. Provide with a period of 2-3 months hibernation.
Females are known to grow larger and heavier than males. Our females ate much more and grew much faster than the males.
They are found in many habitats ranging from the edge of forest to cultivated areas and seem to like cooler temperatures and higher humidity. A secretive snake that prefers smaller food items such as young to half grown mice.
E. bimaculata have been known to breed at different times of the year, usually with 3-10 eggs being laid in late spring. these requiring 35-48 days of incubation. Provide with a period of 2-3 months hibernation.
Females are known to grow larger and heavier than males. Our females ate much more and grew much faster than the males.
...............................
Taxonomy
Scientific Name:
Elaphe bimaculata
Species Authority:
Schmidt, 1925
Common
Name/s:
Chinese Leopard Snake
Assessment Information
Red
List Category & Criteria:
Least Concern ver 3.1
Justification:
Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.
Listed as Least Concern in view of its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.
Geographic Range
Range Description:
This species ranges widely in eastern China, where it has been recorded
from the provinces of Anhui, Chongqin, Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan,
Jiangsu, Jiling, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Sichuan and
Zhejiang (Zhao 2006). There is also a recent record is reported in Saihanwula
Nature Reserve, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China (Nasendelger et al.
2010). This snake has a very wide elevational range, being found from coastal
areas to 2,240 m asl. (Zhao 2006).
Countries:
Native:
China (Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu,
Jiangxi, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang)
Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology:
This
temperate zone species is found in shrubland, meadows and disturbed areas such
as the edges of trails, agricultural land under traditional cultivation, and areas close to villages. It occurs
in plains, hills and low mountains. This snake is oviparous, laying eggs in
July, and feeds on mice and lizards.
Systems:
Terrestrial
Threats
Major Threat(s):
This snake is threatened by habitat loss resulting from the expansion of
intensive agriculture, replacing meadowland and traditional cultivation. As
this snake is very wide-ranging in eastern China, threats from agricultural
intensification are localized.
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions:
No conservation actions are currently known for this species. It is found
in several protected areas. More information is needed on this species'
population status, natural history and the extent of threats.
Elaphe bimaculata
Origin: Western China
Family: Colubridae
A small attractive ratsnake only reaching a usual maximum length of around 80cm and as such doesn't require an excessively large enclosure. As a species, it can be incredibly variable, some specimens being quite drab and others quite colourful. Their patterns also demonstrate a varied appearance, whilst some sport a row of clearly defined spots in pairs, others have these spots joined forming a row of bow-tie like motifs that run the length of their body. There are others still that have a more striped appearance, where their patterns appear compacted. Ground colours are variable, ranging from a warm yellow, grey to olive, with brown to orange blotches bordered in black. Bimacs or Twin Spotted Ratsnakes are a very under-rated snake, and make an interesting & rewarding captive..
They are often found in the foothills and valleys, in forest edges or
sparse vegetation, which no doubt provides suitable cover from predators. It
also seems to favour areas of high moisture around water or irrigation
systems of cultivated areas. Another very interesting characteristic of this
species is its impressive threat displays, occasionally, it will flatten its
head, presumably imitating the head shape of a venomous species, in the hope
that whatever is causing it distress, will reconsider its choice of meal and
leave the snake well alone. If startled, they may attempt to bite, more usually
they will vibrate their tails, which can be used to deter potential attackers,
especially while doing so against some loose substrate like dead leaves or
loose vegetation, to amplify the noise. Balling, the practice of burying its
head in its coils is also employed when distressed. Another occasional
defensive trait is the excretion of a strong smelling ruddy brown liquid, which
is quite effective as a deterrent for interfering with this animal. These
traits are more likely to be evident in fresh WC specimens, after acclimatising
to captivity should prove to be more placid. Obviously, care should be taken to
prevent the snake from feeling it needs to act in any of these ways where ever
possible.
This species also seems to require a relatively high humidity, perhaps providing a large area of sphagnum moss or a ‘humidity’ box would benefit the snake, particularly during the sloughing cycle.. Being a relatively small snake, adult Bimacs will readily take small to half grown thawed frozen rodents as meals, with a preference for rat pups, the frequency of which, will depend on the size of the rodent and proportions of the snake. If the food item is moved to replicate a living moving mouse, via the use of tongs holding the mouse by its tail, they can strike and coil constricting the dead mouse quite impressively, making feeding time more interesting for you and the snake.
Adult females are usually bigger than males, presumably an adaptation for egg production and the cost in energy that entails. As you might expect due to their larger size, the females will eat a larger amount of food compared to their male counterparts. As young snakes, the size difference will become increasingly apparent as they age.
They are unfortunately an under kept snake in herpetoculture of today. As not much genetic diversity is currently available for this species in captivity, new stock from the wilds can only benefit to bolster the captive gene pool. WC animals should be treated with a little more care than their captive counterparts. Plenty of hides should be provided, to allow the snake to settle into its new home and allow thermoregulation to not be compromised for the snakes need for seclusion.
As mentioned before, this species relishes its seclusion, although it should be active throughout the day and during the late afternoon. The timing of which is perfect for opportunistic viewing of the snake while the owner is at home. A snake not readily available within the UK hobby, but one that is much sort after by Ratsnake hobbyists.
http://www.faunaimportuk.com/caresheets/bimac.htm
